1. 1. Which medication is known for potentially reducing thyroid function when used for long-term treatment?

a. Chlorpromazine b.Valproic acid c. Carbamazepine d. Lithium

2. 2. Identify the route of administration that does not avoid the first-pass effect through the liver:

a. Vaginal delivery b. Rectal delivery c. Transdermal delivery d. Buccal/sublingual delivery

3. 3. Which drug may cause reflex tachycardia and/or postural hypotension upon initial use?

a. Atenolol b. Hydrochlorothiazide c. Prazosin d. Metoprolol

4. 4. Which of the following adrenergic agonists is commonly included in nasal sprays for decongestion?

a. Oxymetazoline b. Dobutamine c. Clonidine d. Albuterol

5. 5. Which medication is most effective for treating absence seizures?

a. Topiramate b. Tiagabine c. Levetiracetam d. Lamotrigine

6. 6. What is the term for the number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent?

a. % concentration b. ppm c. Molality d. Normality

7. 7. What is the maximum volume that can be administered in a single intramuscular injection at one site?

a. 0.5 ml b. 1 ml c. 2 ml d. 5 ml

8. 8. In which category does eucalyptus oil fall?

a. Organized drug b. Extracts c. Fixed oil d. Unorganized drug

9. 9. Where is the drug placed when administered through the buccal route?

a. Between the tongue and teeth b. Between the cheek and gum c. Between the upper and lower jaw d. Under the tongue

10. 10. Which of the following is not a neurotransmitter?

a. Dopamine b. Norepinephrine c. Levodopa d. Adrenaline

11. 11. Which resin is known to be water-soluble?

a. Benzoin resin b. Guggal gum c. Turpentine resin d. Colophony

12. 12. For poorly water-soluble drugs taken orally, what is the primary rate-limiting factor affecting absorption?

a. Drug absorption b. Drug permeation across the biomembrane c. Drug dissolution at the absorption site d. Drug disintegration

13. 13. In an ABC analysis of inventory control, C-items typically account for what percentage of total drug expenditure?

a. 50% b. 10% c. 20% d. 75%

14. 14. What is the nature of the mobile phase in reverse-phase chromatography?

a. Neutral b. Non-aqueous c. Polar d. Non-polar

15. 15. A patient with asthma is treated with a nonselective β-agonist. Which adverse effect is most likely to occur?

a. Tachycardia b. Hypotension c. Worsening bronchoconstriction d. Bradycardia

16. 16. The presence of endosperm cells in a powdered drug analysis suggests the drug comes from which plant part?

a. Flowers b. Stems c. Leaves d. Fruits

17. 17. Which section of the Drug Act empowers inspectors to investigate the sale of expired drugs and file a case with judicial authorities?

a. Section 38 b.Section 30 c. Section 37 d. Section 39

18. 18. Which pharmacokinetic parameter does not directly describe a drug’s bioavailability?

a. T max (Time of peak concentration) b. AUC (Area under the curve) c. MEC (Minimum effective concentration) d. C max (Peak plasma concentration)

19. 19. Who has the authority to conduct inquiries and inspections under Drug Act 2035?

a. Judge b. Lawyer c. Director General of DDA d. Drug inspector

20. 20. Ranitidine primarily targets which histaminergic receptor?

a. H3 receptor b. H4 receptor c. H2 receptor d. H1 receptor

21. 21. Tobacco can serve as:

a. A nervous stimulant b. A natural pesticide c. A neutral medicine d. An antiseptic

22. 22. How long does membership in the Pharmacy Council last?

a. Three years b. Six years c. Four years d. Five years

23. 23. What is the most appropriate agent to reverse the anticoagulant effects of heparin?

a. Vitamin K b. Tranexamic acid c. Aminocaproic acid d. Protamine sulfate

24. 24. Hypotensive active compounds can be found in which of the following?

a. Ephedra b. Cinchona c. Belladonna d. Vasaka

25. 25. Is it true that oral bioavailability is generally increased in patients with severe liver disease?

a. False b. Exaggerated c. Unrelated d. True